Factors Affecting The Selection Of Adhesives & Sealants

Since adhesives and sealants are composed of similar materials and both adhere and seal, they often find use in similar applications. However, this is not always the case because a number of times they are designed to perform varied functions. Let us understand the two terms in the following section. 

Adhesives

An adhesive is a substance, which robustly and permanently holds a minimum of two surfaces together. The holding and bonding power, high shear, tensile strength, and environmental resistance are the major reasons why adhesives are so much preferred. Not just that, some adhesives, for example, coal tar epoxy paint, are also used for anti-corrosion applications.

Structural adhesives in particular have high shear strength and resistance to weather. They are therefore essential for the success of the structure assembly. On the other hand, non-structural adhesives have low strength and are used for temporary bonding purposes. Wood glue, elastomers, pressure-sensitive films, etc. are some of the non-structural adhesives, that are used for fastening weak surfaces. 

Sealants

A sealant is a substance that not only adheres two surfaces together but also provides a protective barrier or coating by filling the space between them. 

When there is a need to fill the gaps between substrates, avoid their movement, and or include or exclude some other material, sealants are preferred. The most common sealants include polysulphide sealant, urethanes, acrylic, and silicone sealants. 

Factors Affecting The Selection Of Adhesives & Sealants

Whether it is an adhesive or sealant, there are some major common factors that must be considered for their selection. Find them below:

  1. Stress

The stress category includes tension, blistering, impact, shear, and cleavage. Tension refers to the stress an adhesive or sealant can take, while blistering is the peeling of the material. Impact measures the brittleness of the material, i.e. the minimum force the material can withstand before it finally fails. Shear refers to the forces acting in the plane of adhesives and cleavage is the bond applied at one end of the substrate bond which tends to separate them apart. 

  1. Chemical 

The chemical factors include both internal and external factors. The internal talks about the effect of adherend on the adhesive and vice versa. While the external refers to the effect of chemical agents like acids, water, alkalies, water, saltwater, etc. 

  1. Biological

Biological factors refer to bacteria, molds, rodents, etc. that take birth in warm to humid conditions and result in reduced bond strength, odor emission, and discoloration. 

  1. Exposure or Weathering

Factors like sunlight, rainfall, humidity, change in temperature, and also ultraviolet light are included in this category. 

  1. Working Properties

Working properties refer to factors including the application of the adhesive and sealant. This may include application through the brush, spray, trowel, etc. Secondly, it includes the bonding range or the minimum drying time before the bond is achieved. Thirdly, it talks about the minimum curing time and the impact of excess curing, and changes in chemical and physical properties when stored unapplied.  

Conclusion 

Consideration of the above-mentioned factors is significant before selecting the adhesive or sealant for a particular application. IWL India is a leading manufacturer of adhesives, polysulfide sealants, and coatings. Visit our official website to dig deep and know about the range of products we offer. Get in touch for inquiries.

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